A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a
computerized mapping tool that helps people analyze the "where, when, and why"
of many landscape-based problems. The Battle Creek Watershed Project used GIS to
inventory and analyze Ida County's natural resources, and determine the
potential impacts of human actions. Current GIS applications include:
- Creation of a land use coverage, including
cropland, pasture, Conservation Reserve Program, forest, urban, and
recreational.
- Analysis of rural well water samples to
determine water quality trends in private wells.
- Creation of a groundwater vulnerability map to
indicate areas of special concern regarding pollution potential.
- On-farm planning using the digital soil
survey, Global Positioning Systems, and various data sources.
- Inventory of conservation practices."
(click on the thumbnail image to enlarge)
Land Use
Cropland represents 88% of land use in the watershed. Inventorying land
use is one step in understanding how water and pollutants move through the
watershed.
|
Average Soil Slopes
Average soil slopes describe the relative steepness of terrain in the
watershed. The steeper areas are shown in red, and the flat areas in blue.
Water drains from the steep sidehills into small streams. These streams
feed the Battle Creek, which runs south through the middle of the watershed.
|
Groundwater Vulnerability
Groundwater vulnerability is highest in alluvial soils (shown in red).
Alluvium is soil deposited by water flowing to drainageways, and in stream
and river valleys. Most alluvium in Ida County is a result of erosion from
loess-covered side slopes and ridgetops. Alluvial soils often are the most
productive for crops, and they also provide a plentiful supply of groundwater
for many Ida Countians. These "water-rich" alluvial aquifers are
shallow and not protected by bedrock; therefore, pollutants have only a
short distance to travel before reaching our drinking water supply.
The highly vulnerable areas cover 28% of the watershed.
|
Location
of Watershed
Project area covers
34,000 acres. |
|